Symbolism in the Glass Menagerie Essay -- Theatre, Tennessee Williams

In The Glass zoological garden, written by Tennessee Williams, symbolism is very prevalent throughout the text. Lauras trash menagerie was the most easily identifiable symbol because of how relatable it was to the world she lived in. The fire passing water was also another(prenominal) symbol that made its presence in the coquet along with the dance hall that was located just outside. The candles and rainbows mentioned also adopt some symbolic meaning, in my opinion, which could be left to the interpretation of the reader. Each of the symbols that Williams places in the text can be used to express a specific idea or theme as well as a section in a concrete manner. These subtle symbols that Williams provides create a better and more distinguished understanding of the characters relationships with one another.We are introduced to Laura Wingfield at the beginning of looseness and can gather from her personality throughout the story that she seems to be living the furthest away from reality in comparison to the other characters. She has a rubbish collection that she takes extensive care of and because of her dedication to this glass menagerie, its almost as if she believes that the reality she lives in no longer exists and she can completely escape into this false world that she has made herself believe is real. Because of this belief, it has negated her chance to complete high school and it has also caused her to fail a typing class that she was taking. Lauras experience also believes that her infatuation with her glass objects and distance from reality is what is keeping any gentlemen callers from contacting her. The nickname, Blue Rose, given to Laura in high school by Jim, is another symbol for her personality. In my opinion, this has symbolic m... ...o their own fantasy worlds. With all the characters, excluding Jim, trying to each escape reality in their own way, escape, or the idea of, was never truly reached by any of them. Based on this outcome, I feel that Williams is trying to say that in life you must face any problems that you have head-on, rather than to run away and avoid them completely. In conclusion, escape and illusion, are two very prominent themes to be taken away from The Glass Menagerie. How these themes are portrayed by the author, though they arent blatant, they can be easily interpreted by the reader based on the context of the story. ground how the characters each used their own way of dealing with the monotony of their everyday lives by finding their own source of false reality, really attributes to the effectiveness of Tennessee Williams and his uncomparable writing style.

Pompeii :: essays research papers fc

PompeiiPompeii is possibly the best-documented catastrophe in Antiquity. Because of it, we know now how the Pompeians lived because they leave behind an extensive legacy of art, including monuments, sculptures and paintings. Pompeii lay on a plateau of ancient lava near the Bay of Naples in western Italy in a domain called Campania, less than 1.6 kilometers from the foot of Mount Vesuvius. With the coast to the west and the Apennine Mountains to the East, Campania is a fertile plain, traversed by two major rivers and rich soil. However, in the early days, it was not a remarkable city. Scholars have not been able to identify Pompeiis original inhabitants. The first people to settle in this region were probably prehistoric hunters and fishers. By at least the eight century B.C., a group of Italic people known as the Oscans occupied the region they most likely realized Pompeii, although the exact date of its origin is unknown. The root of the word Pompeii would appear to be the Osca n word for the number five, pompe, which suggests that either the community consisted of five hamlets or, perhaps, was settled by a family group (gens Pompeia)(Kraus 7). In the course of the eight century B.C., Greek and Etruscan colonization stimulated the development of Pompeii as a city around the area of the Forum. A point for important trade routes, it became a place for trading towards the inland. Up until the middle of the 5th century B.C., the city was dominated politically by the Etruscans. In the course of the 6th century B.C., the influence of Greek culture is also documented by terracottas, ceramics and architecture. A group of warriors from Samnium, called Samnite, invaded the region in the 400s B.C. Pompeii remained a relatively unimportant village until the 200s B.C., when the town entered a prosperous period of building and expansion. The papists defeated the Samnites, and Pompeii became part of the emerging Roman state. Pompeii joined the Italic revolt against Rome , the Social War of 91-87 B.C., and was crushed by Sulla. Although the city was not destroyed, it lost its autonomy, becoming a colony called Colonia Veernia Cornelia P, in take note of its conqueror L. Cornelius Sulla. By 79 AD, Latin had replaced Oscan as the principal language, and the laws and culture of Imperial Rome were implanted. The romanization had began. Pompeii grew from a modest farming town to an important and forward-looking industrial and trading center.

Relationship between Sublime and Magical Realism Explored in The Monkey

Relationship between opulent and Magical realness Explored in The Monkey From the beginning of The Monkey, a short story located within Isak Dinesens anthology seven-spot Gothic Tales, the reader is taken back to a storytime institution he or she may remember from childhood. Dinesens 1934 example of what has been identified as the Gothic Sublime sets the stage for analysis of its relationship to other types of literary productions. What constitutes Sublime literary productions? More importantly, how may sublime literary works relate to Magical Realist literature? Through enquiry of The Monkey, the relationship between Sublime literature and Magical Realist literature can be defined. Scholars have traced the history of Sublime literature back to the third blow literary critic Longinus. In his work Peri Hypsos, he lays the derriere for the Sublime literature that still exists today. Sublimity is always an eminence and excellence in language (qtd. in Arensberg 3). Excellenc e and eminence are conveyed through rhetorical devices found in the text. Many of these devices are also found in works identified as Magical Realist works of literature. Longinus characteristics are evidenced throughout The Monkey. ane such characteristic is the use of elevated language to describe a scene or action The Prioress received her nephew within her lofty parlor. Its triple tall windows looked out, between heavy curtains which had on them borders of flower garlands done in cross-stich, over the lawns and avenues of the late-ripening garden. From the damask-clad walls her long-departed father and mother gazed down, out of broad gilt frames, with troops gravity and youthful grace, powered and laced for some gr... ...ic realms cannot merge. For these reasons, based on the examination of these twain works, one cannot assume that Sublime literature and Magical Realist literature are the same, nor can one assume that they are genres of one another. They seem to h ave legion(predicate) characteristics in common, and therefore one would assume that they maintain a close relationship, although independently. By comparing and contrasting another genre of literature with Magical Realism, the define boundaries that make up Magical Realism are narrowed. workings Cited Arensberg, Mary. The American Sublime. Albany State University of New York Press, 1986. Dinesen, Isak. Seven Gothic Tales. New York Harrison Smith and Robert Haas Inc., 1934. Esquivel, Laura. same Water for Chocolate. New York Doubleday, 1992. Longinus. On the Sublime. Cambridge Harvard UP, 1995. Relationship between Sublime and Magical Realism Explored in The MonkeyRelationship between Sublime and Magical Realism Explored in The Monkey From the beginning of The Monkey, a short story located within Isak Dinesens anthology Seven Gothic Tales, the reader is taken back to a storytime world he or she may remember from childhood. Dinesens 1934 example of what has b een identified as the Gothic Sublime sets the stage for analysis of its relationship to other types of literature. What constitutes Sublime literature? More importantly, how may sublime literature relate to Magical Realist literature? Through examination of The Monkey, the relationship between Sublime literature and Magical Realist literature can be defined. Scholars have traced the history of Sublime literature back to the third century literary critic Longinus. In his work Peri Hypsos, he lays the groundwork for the Sublime literature that still exists today. Sublimity is always an eminence and excellence in language (qtd. in Arensberg 3). Excellence and eminence are conveyed through rhetorical devices found in the text. Many of these devices are also found in works identified as Magical Realist works of literature. Longinus characteristics are evidenced throughout The Monkey. One such characteristic is the use of elevated language to describe a scene or action The Prioress re ceived her nephew within her lofty parlor. Its three tall windows looked out, between heavy curtains which had on them borders of flower garlands done in cross-stich, over the lawns and avenues of the autumnal garden. From the damask-clad walls her long-departed father and mother gazed down, out of broad gilt frames, with military gravity and youthful grace, powered and laced for some gr... ...ic realms cannot merge. For these reasons, based on the examination of these two works, one cannot assume that Sublime literature and Magical Realist literature are the same, nor can one assume that they are genres of one another. They seem to have many characteristics in common, and therefore one would assume that they maintain a close relationship, although independently. By comparing and contrasting another genre of literature with Magical Realism, the defining boundaries that make up Magical Realism are narrowed. Works Cited Arensberg, Mary. The American Sublime. Albany State Unive rsity of New York Press, 1986. Dinesen, Isak. Seven Gothic Tales. New York Harrison Smith and Robert Haas Inc., 1934. Esquivel, Laura. Like Water for Chocolate. New York Doubleday, 1992. Longinus. On the Sublime. Cambridge Harvard UP, 1995.

Freedom In The Story Of An Hou Essay -- essays research papers

Freedom in &8220The Story of an HourMrs. m tout ensembleard&8217s overwhelming response of &8220free, free, free upon hearing of her husband&8217s death reflects the spot of many nineteenth century women. During this time, highly restrictive gender roles forbade women to live as they saw fit. In &8220The Story of an Hour Kate Chopin allows her audience to envision the moment that Mrs. mallard is able to shed the bondage of marriage that was forced upon her. This was Mrs. Mallard&8217s chance to actually live life on her own terms. Not on the terms prescribed to her by her husband. After this revelation on her behalf, the outcome of the story is both ironic and tragic. Upon hearing the news of Brently&8217s death Mrs. Mallard, who is stricken with a heart condition, reacts with sadness at first, grieving with &8220wild abandonment but shortly afterward seeks solitude to assess what has happened. The location where she seeks isolation is important. She retreats to her bedroom in a c omfortable armchair, indicating that this is a place where she feels safe. It is here that Mrs. Mallard seems to have found a way to rectify what she thought wrong in her life. Mrs. Mallard then realizes in a rush of emotion and relief that she is &8220Free Body and soul free She views the man with a fresh outlook champion where she will be her own person, answering only to herself. For a brief moment the reader is able to see through with(predicate) to how she is truly feeling, her emotional lay off apparent when she sat &8220with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair... She is overwhelmed with freedom, opening her arms to it, letting it envelope both her body and her soul.While this realization is occurring, a somewhat strange thing is happening outside. Usually when a character dies, the weather becomes dark, gloomy and foreboding. In this particular story this is not the case. The natural world actually mirrors Mrs. Mallard&8217s feelings. The &8220trees were al l a quiver with the new spring life and &8220there were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds. This shows how she is seeing her life as having a refreshed new appearance. Yes, Mrs. Mallard remembers her husband with kind... ...ed and composed, unaware of the train wreck and of Mrs. Mallard&8217s transformation that occurred during his absence. A scream is omitted from Josephine while Richards tries to hide Brently from the truth. The truth that her husband is alive and well, and was miles away from the wreck. Richards was too late though. Mrs. Mallard&8217s heart has stopped, her life has stopped. She had everything and nothing all in the same moment, which last-ditchly killed her. Her death, &8220of the joy that kills, is how the author describes Mrs. Mallard&8217s death, and unwittingly her marriage as well.Mrs. Mallard&8217s happiness was in fact, the crap of her death. This death, arrived out of shock that her weak heart could not handle. The arrival o f her husband who was the cause of her new-found freedom caused her death. Mrs. Mallard&8217s death could be seen as the ultimate freedom from her unhappy marriage. Though her life ends in an extremely ironic manner, Mrs. Mallard does in fact finally escape the restrictions of her old life, not exactly upon the hour before Brently Mallard&8217s arrival but in the end for eternity.

The Theory Of Property :: essays research papers

The Theory of Property     While Websters New Collegiate Dictionary defines property as "somethingregarded as being possessed by, or at the disposal of, a person or group ofpersons species or class," (p. 1078) this definition hardly holds theconnotations so emphatically discussed by the anthropologist Morgan. To Morgan,"property has been so immense...so diversify its uses so expanding...that ithas become...an unmanageable power." (p.561) Why has it become such anunmanageable power? Morgan answers this question with the simple answer that itis due to the linear evolution of the social inception of property from beingcollectively owned to being individually owned which has planted the seed of itsown destruction in modern society. Morgan, in an search to study the roleproperty has played in shaping social structures throughout history, hasconcluded that the influences property has had on reshaping societies and viceversa can teach the historiograp her many things about both the society being studiedand the environment in which it strove to survive. To Morgan, the "germ" of theinstitution of property slowly infected many dissimilar societies in manydifferent parts of the world. His teleological approach states that due to the"unity of mankind" various technological innovations, which gave rise to theever-growing availability of property, allowed social tilt to occur in manyareas of the globe independently. Every area, went through its own version ofevolution in which the importance of wealth grew at varying rates. Thisdiscovery leads Morgan to believe that while the past was unified in itsvariation, it is the future which must presently be addressed. For Morgan, instudying the past one can condition much about the future. Not only does Morgananalyze the social emergence of various types of property, but he is alsoextremely interested in the merciful tendencies evident in various societies whichsurfaced as a result of the ever-growing list of ownable objects. As timeprogressed from the Status of Savagery through Barbarism and into Civilization refreshed wants and needs arose mostly due to new inventions. It is on thisrelationship between property, technology, and the human desire for more of eachwhich Morgan centers his work, and it is from this study which he hopes futuregenerations exit learn how to improve their institutions until they can beimproved no more.     Morgan structures his essay around three basic "ethnical periods ofhuman progress" (p. 535) and the basic presumption that the more modes ofproduction and subsistence there are the greater the proliferation of individualobjects of ownership. As technology advances and discoveries are made, theamount of ownable objects grow as does the need to own.

The Theory Of Property :: essays research papers

The Theory of Property     While Websters New Collegiate Dictionary defines property as "somethingregarded as being possess by, or at the disposal of, a person or group ofpersons species or class," (p. 1078) this definition hardly holds theconnotations so emphatically discussed by the anthropologist Morgan. To Morgan,"property has been so immense...so diversified its uses so expanding...that ithas become...an unmanageable power." (p.561) Why has it become such anunmanageable power? Morgan answers this question with the simple answer that itis due to the linear evolution of the favorable institution of property from beingcollectively owned to being individually owned which has planted the seed of itsown destruction in modern society. Morgan, in an attempt to study the roleproperty has played in shaping neighborly structures throughout history, hasconcluded that the influences property has had on reshaping societies and viceversa goat apprize th e historian more things about both the society being studiedand the environment in which it strove to survive. To Morgan, the "germ" of theinstitution of property slowly infected many different societies in manydifferent parts of the world. His teleological approach states that due to the"unity of mankind" various technological innovations, which gave rise to theever-growing availability of property, allowed social change to occur in manyareas of the globe independently. Every area, went through its own version ofevolution in which the importance of wealth grew at variable rates. Thisdiscovery leads Morgan to believe that while the past was unified in itsvariation, it is the time to come which must presently be addressed. For Morgan, instudying the past one can learn much about the future. Not only does Morgananalyze the social emergence of various types of property, but he is alsoextremely interested in the human tendencies evident in various societies whichsurfac ed as a result of the ever-growing list of ownable objects. As timeprogressed from the Status of Savagery through Barbarism and into nuancenew wants and needs arose mostly due to new inventions. It is on thisrelationship between property, technology, and the human desire for more of eachwhich Morgan centers his work, and it is from this study which he hopes futuregenerations will learn how to improve their institutions until they can beimproved no more.     Morgan structures his essay around three staple fiber "ethnical periods ofhuman progress" (p. 535) and the basic assumption that the more modes ofproduction and subsistence there are the greater the proliferation of individualobjects of ownership. As technology advances and discoveries are made, theamount of ownable objects grow as does the need to own.

Reach Out and Touch †Maxine Tynes Essay

1. Each woman on the bus reacts to the childs actions differently. Thenarrator reacts by dexterous at the children because she knows that this is neither the first nor the last time this will happen, while the mother of the children reacts by slapping their hands to make them stop touching the woman.2. A pedestal statement expressing my interpretation of the main idea in thispoem would be Children are those who dont understand the differences between people and in crop to accept them, they not only have to see, but also to reach out and touch. An example supporting my statement is and touch the curly electric automobile of my hair your fingers dipped in the brown skin magic of my neck to see if it comes off.Look more first poem for youessay3. The facial expression and mood of the poem are mysterious at the beginning when it is not clear what is really going on, but kind of uncomfortable at the give notice when the reader identifies what the children had done and how they have ma de their mother feel embarrassed from their actions. Maxine Tynes uses imagery, comparison and connotation (dipped in the brown skin magic) to obtain this mood and tone.4. Irony surrounds the motherlove in this poem because a mothers love means to caress her children with love and affection instead of teaching them morality especially in public places. However, in the poem the mother slaps her kids when she sees them touching the black woman.

Apple Case Study

Pl free divide orchard apple trees archives into periods and trace the changes in trading models that took place over these periods. apple history is explained in the case history from 1972 2006. Apples history is described below, reflecting on the changes In Business Model (how the company generated revenue). The Beginning years, 1976 1 985 Apple was founded In 1976 and they built a computer term of enlistment board named the Apple l. Within span of 4 years they went to PIP with the help of Venture capitalist Markup, Jar. Its original business model was based on selling a computer that could e used straight out of the box with a closed platform.In 1981 IBM introduced a Microsofts DOS operating administration and its an on the fence(p) system and easily cloned, whilst a lack of compatible software on mackintosh (Mac) made net income fall 17%. Steve Jobs was removed from his operational lineament by the board. Jobs left Apple to find a newfound company NeXT. The sculls years , 1985-1993 In 1985 John Sculls was appointed as chief operating officer. Sculls was an operations and market expert from Pepsi. Sculls outline was focused on taking Apple into the corporate world, which he did successfully, making Apple a well-known stigmatise name.During the Sculls years Apple was able to monopolize on the love affair for Macs by selling at a premium. In 1990 Sculls changed the business model to sell their computers at lower prices to get more market share, piece of music excessively delivering new hit products every 6-12 months. Apple embarked on a Joint venture with MOM to create a new operating model, multimedia applications, etc. Sculls also reduced headcount by 10% and moved much of the manufacturing to contractors. Sculls also made himself Technology officer in spite of having no skills In this area.He was then relinquished of his duties In 1993. The spindled years, 1993 1995 Spindled was an engineer and had successfully headed Apple Europe and cha nged the business model once more to focus on education and publishing. He killed the plan to put the SO on Intel and instead he would license opposite companies to produce MAC clones. He focused on international growth I. E china. Spindlier business model also focused on the fact that the new operating model would save the company. Like Sculls, Spindled had to chide monetary values but Apple still had problems.In first quarter of 1996, apple reported $69 million in losses and more layoffs and Spindled was replaced. Amelia years, 1996 19971 ND a high pricing / differentiation strategy and slash payroll. Amelia wanted to turn apple back to its premium price differentiation strategy. He cancelled the contiguous generation Mac SO, which had already cost $mom in R&D. Instead apple would acquire Next along with Steve Jobs. Amelia brought NeXT and brought Jobs as an advisor. Apple still suffered financially and Amelia was forced out. Steve Jobs became the temporary CEO. 997- Steve Job s era Steve Jobs re-joined the company in 1996 after Apple acquired NeXT. He made several drastic changes investment into Apple, a commitment to develop core reduces, ended the Mac licensing program while buying the assets of the leading clone maker, consolidate the product ranges, and launched the Apple website to sell products directly. Jobs business model turned the company around. He agreed that Microsoft would invest in core products for MAC ii office. Also he rationalized product range from 15 to 3, research projects by 70% and reduced staffing and outsourcing.Comment on what you learn about business model and business model change from this case. When evaluating Apples business model, its useful to imply in terms of the pre-1996 era and the post-1996 era. Apple has continuously been and continues to be a manufacturer of computers and electronics with a focus on complete hardware and software integration. former to 1996, the company focused almost exclusively on personal c omputers in the Macintosh line, with the occasional foray into innovative products want the Newton.When Steve Jobs re-joined the company in 1996, that relegating evolved beyond personal computing into products like the pod, phone, and pad. Apple is positioned well for the future, and its not a company thats willing to settle for current success. Unafraid of centralization, the company continues to boil out Phones that make the pod look like a hobby, as well as the pad Mini that unashamedly steals market share from its well-favored brother. Notoriously secret, the company reveals little about the product pipeline, but its believed that Steve Jobs has left a product roadman for more than a decade.How do other theories of strategy such as capability theory fit with this story? Apple was unable to maintain any strategy over this period since every CEO inconsistently changed the business model and strategy of Apple. Apples most important resources and capabilities are Steve Jobs, and the integrated system of hardware and software hat the firm has developed and successfully marketed to derive value. Steve brought Apple back to tremendous success following a decline in relevance and heads the continued creation of billions of dollars of value.While Apples designers, programmers, and engineers each represent delineate resources, the ability of the firm to exploit their abilities to create their entire software/hardware ecosystem is the firms Apple Stores Retail Locations The introduction of Apple stores has provided the company with an important physical front man to act as both a sales location and an advertisement. Apple tops any retailers in in-store sales, generating $4,032 per retail square foot per year, beating other retailers like Tiffany & Co. At $2,666 and Best Buy at only $930.Relationship with Moms Apple has outsourced all of its manufacturing processes to MEMO partners in China, like Foxing and Hon.. Ha Precision Industry while focusing on design i nternally. The relationships between Apple and their MEMO partners are very close to provide Apple with excellent ser viciousness and high pure tone products. Industrial Design Capability Apples incredible industrial design capability is a function of their innovative design names, led by Jonathan Eve, senior vice president of industrial design, and the firms parameterization of design and outsourced production.Talented Software Development Teams Apples software developers are carefully selected and talented programmers. Theyve produced industry award winning software and the highly regarded iterations of Macintosh SOX operating system. Tailored Hardware/Software Systems One of Apples most important capabilities is their ability to develop and build highly integrative systems with software designed specifically for the hardware it runs on.Apple Case StudyA. The PC industry is much older than the MP3 player industry. As it is an older market, its structure is also more consolidated with only a few builders accounting for the majority of the market. On the other hand, the first MP3 players only surfaced less than ten years ago. While Apples Ipod may dominate the market, there are much more MP3 player manufacturers compared to PC manufacturers.Another difference between the two industries is that PCs tend to be commodity products as opposed to MP3 players which are seen as lifestyle or luxury products. This means that PCs for the most part are considered disposable items, especially to bulk buyers like firms or educational institutions. As such, value for money is a premium for PC manufacturers and the trend for the industry is to have expose products per new generation at a lower price.Compare this to MP3 players which are for the most part used for personal entertainment. The popularity of the Ipod has cemented the MP3 player as a fashion accessory in addition to a consumer electronics product. Consumers also tend to be more concerned with the form of their M P3 players as opposed to the form of their PCs.Both industries are also experiencing the trend of convergence with PCs having more and more features point towards entertainment and MP3 players having more features geared for productivity. Additionally, the cellphone is also encroaching on both products. Smartphones are slowly gaining more PDA and laptop like features. These alike devices are also starting to gain more and more entertainment features with newer models coming equipped with the ability to snap pictures and play music.B. Apple products have always been known for its initiation, ease of use and high price. One could say that while PCs in general are a commodity product, Apple computers are marketed like luxury items. Apple computers look better than the competition, are easier to use than the competition, and cost more than the competition. As opposed to its PC competitors who used different strategies to be able to offer the lowest prices possible, Apples offerings h ave always been about function and form first, cost second.Apples initial foray into the MP3 market touted ease of use as its main strategy. The Ipod featured a thumbwheel that simplified the access of thousands of songs stored in the player. The Ipods ease of use was essential to its adoption by newcomers who were foreign to MP3. Secondly, ITunes was very innovative in the way that it simplified the process of legally obtaining music over the internet.Apple made possible a new distribution method for music through ITunes wherein the customer can access exactly the tracks he wants, anywhere in the world and the music is delivered directly to him. Lastly, the success of the Ipod has allowed Apple to supplement its brand strength as a key strategy for the Ipod. Apple successfully marketed the Ipod as a lifestyle accessory and a successful marketing campaign has made an Ipod (not an MP3 player, an Ipod) a must have.C. One key strength for Apple has been its brand. Successful product s in the past have infused the Apple Brand with the determine of ease of use, innovation and style. This is best seen through the cult of Apple fanaticism with Apple devotees preaching the values of Apple products to their peers. Like whole foods, the Apple brand has formed its own following that serves to promote the values of Apple products.While marketing strength may be a great strength of Apple, their culture of innovation allows them to maintain a lead over their competitors in terms of ease of use and new features. The key to Apples innovation is their focus on satisfying the needs and uses of the customer as opposed to simply cramming their products full of gadgetry.This is best seen during the years before Apple switched to Intel processors. While relegated to using the antiquated PowerPC processor from Motorola, Apple was able to maintain interest in their computers by innovating on the software side, coming out with the much acclaimed OS X operating system and its succe eding incarnations.Apple PCs have also been known to be better in design related applications. Macintosh computers are seen by many to be better suited for creative applications such as image processing, music creation and video editing. Apple itself has invested heavily in these areas with their free, pre-installed versions of these types of programs being far better than the offerings of their competitors.Lastly, Apples policy of being tight with its technology has allowed it to keep a high level of control over products associated with Apple products. Unlike other PC manufacturers whose technology is available to all OEMs, Apple technology is shut out to third base party manufacturers. For the most part, Apple controls who makes Apple peripherals.While this limits the expansion of Apple and keeps the cost of its peripherals high, it has allowed Apple to maintain a high level of quality for its peripherals and its own products as their computers are less likely to crash due to sh oddy third party products.

Stefan’s Diaries: The Craving Chapter 19

By the time we reached the Sutherlands, our horses lips were covered in foam and its eye were rolling top until they were ringed with white.Not much of a racehorse, he tell carelessly, leaping down and giving it a pat on its neck. Wouldnt strike me if it dropped dead from the exertion.I stepped place of the carriage, a beatrid smell assaulting my nose as if the Thayers had taken up residence next to a slaughter yard. I think he may al name be dead, I said gingerly. I took a deep breath and steadied myself. I had to be ready for whatever came next, be it Damon taking action against the Sutherlands or having to spend the night with my new bride. If that happened, it would be hard to keep my own promise of no more than compelling humans.Steeling myself, I headed for the access.Not so fast, brother, Damon said, putting a hand on my chest. and then he slipped it inside my waistcoat as thin as a pickpocket, and pulled out the check Winfield had written me. Ill be needing this, he explained happily.Oh yes. Money without the tracks, I said bitterly. Much less obvious than robbing a assert vault. So tell me, what about the cab driver? A dead man in the middle of the road what about those tracks?Him? No one all in allow for notice him, Damon said, obviously surprised by my interest. Look nigh, Stefan. People die in the streets here all the time. Hes no one.Damon had become the type of vampire who had no problem with killing blush when it didnt directly benefit him, and he committed murder at the drop of a hat. When I killed in my firstly days, it was forever and a day for thirst, or self-protection. Not for sport. And never simply for the kill.Besides, it really, really irritated you, he added with a grin. And isnt that what its all about?He gave a little bow and indicated I should enter our new home first. Looking up at its beautiful gray walls and growling gargoyles, I wished no one had ever invited me in, that I had been force to remain outside fore ver, a poor creature relegated to the park.And then somebody screamed.Damon and I both rushed in, practi portendy tearing the door off its hinges in our effort to get through.Margaret was standing in the living room, white as a sheet, her hand over her mouth. And it was very obvious why.The blameless place was splash in what my spinning mind could only assume was black paint, until its smell hit my nose with the force of a truck blood. Human blood. Gallons and gallons of it slow fall down the walls and congealing in pools on the floor. It threw me off guard, my vampire senses reeling from the sheer quantity.Damon held one hand over his face, as if trying to stifle the sensations, and pointed with his other hand.At first all I saw was a checkmate of stockinged legs askew on the rug, as if someone had too much to drink and fell down. Then I realized they werent attached to a body.No I whispered, sinking to my knees in horror.The bodies of Lydia, Bridget, Winfield, and Mrs. Suther land were scattered around the room in pieces.The family I had married into to protect, the needy humans I was trying to keep safe from Damons psychopathic tendencies, were all dead. But they hadnt just been murdered they had been torn apart and brutalized.What did you do? I growled at Damon, fury turning my eyes red and beginning the change. What did you do?I was going to rip his neck out. It was as simple as that. He was a monster, and I should give way killed him long ago, long before he had a chance to destroy other peoples lives.But Damon looked just as shocked as I felt. His ice-blue eyes were wide with unfeigned surprise.It wasnt me, he said. Margaret shot him a look that could have killed. The way he spoke it was as if he could have been him, just as easily just not this time.I believe you, Margaret said softly, shaking her head in abject grief.I was surprised. Why, after all the questions, all the glares, all the arguments, why did she believe him now? Why, when she ag ain rightfully assumed he was just after the money and had fled the moment the documents were dry, did she believe he wasnt the murderer? But oddly I believed him, if for no other reason than the callousness of his tone.As if she could read my thoughts, Margaret off-key her eyes to me. I can ever so tell when someone is lying, she said simply. Its a gift, I suppose.I thought about what Bram had said how Margaret had hurt him just by looking at him. I affected my ring, thinking of the witch, Emily, whod cast a spell over it to protect me from the sun. Was it possible that Margaret had powers, too?I opened my mouth to ask her, exclusively tears were leaking from her eyes. Now was not the time for an interrogation. Taking a deep breath I rose and went over to what was left of the bodies, trying to discover a tinge or reason for the massacre.The other half of Mrs. Sutherlands body was sprawled on its belly next to the couch. One arm was stretched out, as if she were trying to ge t up, trying to go to her youngest daughter.Bridgets throat had been torn out and all of her limbs had been snapped in half. Her face was untouched, however. In death she looked equivalent the little girl she really was, the soft rose of her cheeks slowly fading to an icy white, her lips opened slightly as if she were asleep. Her eyes, wide and green and clear as a china dolls, were still open in shock. I gently put my hand over her face and pulled her lids down.Lydia was frozen with a hand over her face, like an ancient Roman tomb carving, dignified even in death. I turned away from her ruined torso, the white bones of her back sticking through her cracked chest.Winfield looked like a big, slain animal, a buffalo brought down in its prime. There were surprisingly neat gashes down his side, like something had been trying to butcher him.Finally, I went over to Margaret and put my arms around her, turning her head so she wasnt staring at the scene of carnage anymore. She clung to me , but stiffened in surprise when my hand brushed the skin on the back of her neck.After a moment she pulled away. Shock seemed to slowly settle down over her features. She sank into a chair and regarded the room again, this time with a blank face.They were like this when I arrived, she began slowly. I stayed at the Richards longer than everyone else, looking for the two of you, trying to find someone who had seen you leave. Bram and Hilda and the usual gang had left earlier, planning some swooning antics for your wedding night. A shivaree or something. I just assumed you two took off for Europe with your dowry.Europe, Damon said thoughtfully. I glared at him.The door was open, she continued, and the fetorWe fell into silence. I didnt know what to say or do. In ordinary, human circumstances, my first move would have been to get Margaret away from the house and call for help.Did you call for the police? I asked suddenly.Margaret met my gaze. Yes. Theyll be here soon. And theyll thin k it was you, you know.It wasnt, Damon repeated.She nodded, not bothering to look at him. Her skin was milky pale, as if some of the life had gone out of her when her family had died. I know, but you are not innocent, either.No, no, we are not, Damon said in a distant voice, looking at Lydias cold body. For a moment, his features softened and he looked almost like a human in mourning. Then, he shook his head, as if snapping himself out of a reverie. Margaret, Im sorry for your loss, he said perfunctorily. But Stefan and I must run.Why should I leave with you? I challenged, the blood making my head spin, my thoughts whirling dizzily in my brain.Fine, stay here, get arrested.I turned to Margaret. Are you going to be all right?She gave me a look as if I was mad. My entire family is dead.Her voice quavered on the edge of sanity. I put my hand out and touched her shoulder, wishing I could say or do something. No one deserved this. But words wouldnt bring her family back.As Damon and I tu rned to go, the telltale clip clop of a police wagon pulling up in front of the house sounded, along with the impregnable orders of a chief directing his men.Out the back, I said. Damon nodded and we ran through the dining room and kitchen to the door that opened on the courtyard. My hand was just about to touch the doorknob when Damon grabbed me, finger to his mouth. He pressed himself up against the wall, indicating I should do the same. My predators senses picked up what Damon had already figured out There was a man, no, a pair of men, cargo decking silently outside with guns drawn, exactly prepared for us to escape that way.Ill just quickly dispose of them, Damon said.No Upstairs, I whispered. Window.Fine. Damon sighed, and the two of us started to squinch quietly up the servants staircase.An explosive bang from the front hall made us freeze in our tracks.You, upstairs, you and you, to the parlor A stern voice was barking orders. From the sounds of footsteps, an entire fleet of policemen was beginning to sweep through the house.Damon and I gave up any attempt at being quiet, storming up the stairs as fast as we could. There was a casement window at the top, which he threw open triumphantly, prepared to jump to freedom.Below, in the side yard, a dozen armed policeman stood, aiming rifles at the building. And with his drama, Damon had neatly alerted them all to our presence.Bullets began to fly.Though they would not kill us, they would slow us down. I threw myself to the floor, feeling the sting of lead graze my neck.Coal chute, I suggested. Without bothering to wait for an answer I streaked back downstairs with vampiric speed, my brother close behind. Police now swarmed all over the rooms on the main floor, but even those who caught a glimpse of us running to the cellar didnt quite know what they saw blurry shadows, a trick of the eye.The darkness of the basement proven no problem for us, and in a split second we were in the coal room, behind the furnace . I forced open the tiny slanted door that led to the driveway and leaped out, turning to give my brother a hand.And thats when I felt the gun at my neck.I turned around slowly and embossed my hands. A small crowd of New Yorks finest stood there, along with most of the neighborhood, who had come to watch the manhunt.Damon and I could, with little difficulty, have taken them all. And it looked like my brother was itch for a fight.I shook my head, whispering, Well draw far more attention resisting arrest right now. The truth was, it would be far easier to escape later, when we didnt have a crowd gawking at us. Damon knew it as well as I did.Damon sighed a dramatic sigh and pulled himself out of the chute, leaping neatly to the ground.An officeholder strode forward courageously but only once his men had our arms behind our backs and jostled us a bit, letting us know who was in charge.You two are under arrest for grand larceny, murder, and anything else I can find that will have yo u hanging from a tree in Washington Square for the death of the Sutherlands, the officer said through even, square teeth.They dragged us out, pushing more than was necessary. With shoves and a final kick each we were thrown into the back of a paddy wagon, and then the door was slammed behind us.They were good people, the chief hissed in Damons face, through the bars.Damon shook his head back and forth. Ive had better, he whispered to me.Through the bars of the wagon I stared back at the house Id called home for the past week. Margaret stood framed in the doorway, her black hair stark against the glowing lights of the house. Tears streamed down her cheeks as she said something so softly that even my sensitive ears barely heard it.Whoever did this will pay.

Women Play A More Important Role Than Men In Families Today

The famous quote Wo custody hold up half the sky was made by chairperson Mao during his reign in the 20th century. Today, in modern times, some whitethorn feel that wo manpower cast off increased their superiority a pullst the other gender and may reckon an even more important role than men in some areas. With regard to the context of family, I feel that although there has been an increase in the role of women these days, men stock-still play an equally important part in the family. Since prehistoric times, men have always been the ones who have been the breadwinners of the family.Cavemen would go show up to hunt for food, while their wives would stay at home and look after the children. However, in our modern day, gone are the times when women were only good for readying and child-bearing. Education has allowed women to surge to greater heights, not only in the working world but at home as well. Most men outhouse no longer claim superiority over women based on being the sole breadwinner, and now, women play an equally important role as men in providing family income.With greater education these days, women have also allowed themselves to play a larger role in shaping their childrens future. In the past, children only learnt in school most of the time, as their grows were busy with work while their mothers did not learn affluent to help them in their studies. Not all children were fortunate enough to have extra tutorship sessions. In our current times, women are now better equipped to help their children with the skills needed to help their children in the primary age of their education.Most women at least go through secondary education, which would be more than enough to tutor their children with. This has allowed for the development of greater minds as more children are capable to cope with their studies even if they do not have tuition. In the long term, better education would help to develop our society even more. With the allowance of women to ga in education, it has allowed them to play a more integral role in helping their children excel in their academics.However, one cannot deny that the existence of husbands in the family structure is still a dominant role despite of the many changes from the past to the present. The support of the male counterpart is important for both male and female children. For males, having a father figure helps them define masculinity. It is during their younger days, when boys view their father as their hero, that they find their inner sense of chivalry and courage which helps them grow up as men in the future. For girls, seeing how their father treats their mother helps to shape their perspective of how they view men to be.With the liberation of women, one may feel inclined to think that women have definitely become more superior to men in the family. However, I still feel that men definitely have an integral part to play in the shaping of the minds of children. With that in mind, I feel that w omen have elevated themselves to the position where they are on the edge of surpassing the importance of men in the family. However, they are definitely not more important than men but rather of almost equal importance as men are unexpendable in the growing and nurturing of their young in the family.

Cyberbullying: Bullying and Possible Solutions Essay

Cyberbullying has become cardinal of the main problem in todays world, which is under the influence of social networking. Nowadays, to a greater extent and more young people at the age of twelve from to seventeen claim that they have been subjected to the attacks of cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is an act of online bullying, which represents anonymous nasty comments and messages that can hurt a somevirtuoso psychologically or even physically (safetyweb.com, 2012). The purpose of this essay is to recognize the problems of cyber bullying and to find any possible solutions for it. So, first of all, this essay will come out the problems of the cyber bullying. Secondly, there will be some solutions and evaluations of these problems.There are a number of problems connected with cyberbullying, but a psychological state of victim teenagers is one of the most in-chief(postnominal). concord to the website pcmag.com, 88% of all users of social networking stated that they saw how somebody s aid unkind things to their peers. It is clear that 26% of girls 12 to 17 wrap up their peers more than boys (ibid.). So it is clear that unkind comments and messages have a great impact on the psychological states of teemagers.Depressions, tantrums, appetite changes and changes in behavior are an important sign of cyberbullying (safetyweb.com). Cyberbullying can influence that the teenager stops participating in social life, inwards him or her and it may even lead to suicide. Moreover, there is one more specific problem is bad grades. The victims might stop going to school, because they are afraid of their peers due to cyber bullying. This will lead to bad grades and the possibility that a child looses his chance for education. So we can see a series of problems and now move on to their possible solutions.According to Palfrey (2009) there are few solutions. For instance, it is a rational decision to provide a psychological help for victims by talking with them and helping to forget about accidents. Furthermore, adults can get the substantial story and listen closely to childs feelings (safetyweb.com). It is clear that there must be a strict punishment for bullies such(prenominal) as particular fines. It is also an opportunity to provide an education for them and possibly for their parents. In case of school,teachers can help victims to increase their grades. Also school can provide a safe process of education for victim children. As for social websites, it is possible to avoid anonymity by entering a real-name policy (BBC program Panorama).According to possible solutions, we need to understand that all these solutions have a great number of consequences. For example, psychological help for victims can cost a considerable come up of money, because people will need to provide classes and courses for specialists. It might also cannot be efficient. If we were talking about bullies, it would be almost impossible to recognize who the bullies were due to anonymit y. If jurisprudence finds the bullies it would be illegal to fine children, so their parent will have to pay fines. Nevertheless, it will be also hard, because parents could refuse to pay money or the welfare of the families would not let paying such penalties.To summarize all of the information we can see that there are some possible solutions, such as psychological training for victims and punishment for bullies, but, unfortunately, these solutions are hard or even impossible to implement, because they cost money, take time and in most cases are not efficient.References1. http//www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2397419,00.asp (Acesses 12.02.12) D. Poeter 2. http//www.safetyweb.com/poster (Acesses 12.02.12)3. http//www.law.harvard.edu/news/2009/04/01_cyberbullying.htmlBodyWrapper (Acesses 12.02.12) 4. http//www.bbc.co.uk/i/b01c00y3/(Acesses 12.02.12)

Classical Theory Essay

The Difference Between a unequivocal Management Theory & a Human Relations Theory by Stacy Zeiger, Demand MediaHuman relations theory seeks to develop satisfied employees.Classical focal point theory and human relations theory represent two views of management on the opposite ends of the spectrum. One view focuses on looking at workers solely as a means to get under ones skin work done, while the former(a) focuses on developing an organization and the behaviors and motivations of employees. Most managers find that a combination of the two theories serves them best in their businesses. Ads by GoogleSsangyong Korando SpecialNew Offer On SsangYong Korando From Only R2499p/m. Enquire Online Now www.ssangyongdeals.co.zaWhat is Classical Management Theory?Classical management theory involves creating multiple levels of workers to improve productivity. Employees at the lowest levels find their tasks overseen by supervisors who, in turn, are overseen by managers. At every level, employees are expected to perform tasks according to specific procedures designed to maximize productivity. In addition, this theory focuses on an impersonal side of business. Employees and managers should non allow friendliness and personal interactions to become involved with the organization. Rules must be followed exactly, and the hiring and firing of employees must relate only to the skills they possess. Pros and Cons of Classical Management TheoryClassical management theory is not used in many organizations because of its shortcomings. While some components of the theory, such as designing procedures for end a task and keeping personal issues out of business, help an organization focus on the job at hand, the theory fails to recognize the differences among employees. When employee feelings and opinions are not taken into account, the business may not grow or may experience high levels of employee turnover as employees fail to develop a race with the business and leave in search of a more satisfying job. What is Human Relations Theory?Human relations theory, also known as behavioral management theory, focuses more on the individuals in a workplace than the rules, procedures and processes. Instead of directives coming directly from management, a human relations theory provides parley between employees and managers, allowing them to interact with one another to help make decisions. Instead of giving workers quotas and requiring certain procedures, workers are exposed to motivational and emotional tactics to get them to increase productivity. The focus of this style is creating fulfilled, productive workers and helping workers grade in a company. Pros and Cons of Human Relations TheoryWhile many companies operate found on the human relations theory, this type of management has dangers. Companies risk workers becoming too social or easily swayed by personal emotions and opinions when making decisions, kinda than relying on hard data. It may be more difficult to reprimand employees for poor performance or dismiss them once they have become invested in the company. Despite these risks, human relations theory has the potential to increase employee retention rates and productivity. As employees feel more valued by a company, they invest in that company and its greater good.

Macbeth Act 2, scenes 1 and 2 Essay

In Act 2 Banquo is found with his son Fleance, in the courtyard of Macbeths castle at witching hour. The darkness is cold and dark, with fog surrounding the castles boundaries.Banquo is becoming nervous and this is evident from what he says to his son, Fleance,Hold, take my sword. Theres husbandry in heaven, Their candles are entirely out. clutch thee that too.Even though it is obvious he would like to rest, he is fearful of nightmares whilst he sleeps, the ensueing quote suggests this,A heavy summons lies like run upon me, And to date I would not sleep merciful powers, Restrain in me the cursed thoughts that nature Gives way to in response.As Banquo was patrolling the area he hears a noise, Whos there? startled and scared at this he says to Fleance, Give me my sword. Banquo is tired and is trying to maintain full alert, showing he is on bound listening out for any anything and allthing that might occur.As Macbeth steps out of the dark, slightly visible by Banquo, Macbeth r eplies A friend Banquo feels relieved as he can without delay put his mind at rest, because he has seen a friendly face at such time of night and hostile surroundings. subsequently Macbeth had been socialising with Banquo, Banquo remembers to ask Macbeth a question that had been troubling him about the witches,I dreamed last night of the three weird sisters To you they showed some truth.Macbeth tries quickly to convert the subject by answering, I think not of them this is because he does not want to be linked to the murder of Duncan that Macbeth is plotting.Macbeth thence tries to bribe Banquo, we see this from If you shall sunder to my consent, when tis, it shall make honour for you.By this Macbeth is trying to imply that if Banquo stands by him and stays loyal to him, when he Macbeth needs him, Banquo will not regret it and will be honoured by others.Banquo replies,So I lose none In seeking to augment it, but still keep My bosom franchised and allegiance clear, I shall be couns elled.Which basically translates, as long as Banquo does not have to risk his honour in providing his life and can keep a clear conscience, then he will be advised by Macbeth. This indicates that Banquo might be picking up on Macbeths intentions on becoming king of Scotland.So far we can see the differences in the two characters personalities. Banquo is a loyal person, kind, open to discussions, friendly and honourable to the king Duncan as well as to his friends and family. On the other hand Macbeth is the complete opposite in every way, he appears to be dishonourable (as we know he is preparation Duncans murder), a liar, unreliable and an actor of personalities.When Macbeth is on his own his mind becomes delusional goes into a frenzy he starts to think about the side affects of his actions, but is hyped up and ready to do the deed of killing Duncan.It is clear from, Is this a dagger that I see before me, The handle towards my hand? Come, let me clutch thee I have thee not, and ye t I see thee still, that Macbeth is hallucinating.However, during the build up to the murder Macbeth continues to be drawn by the image of the dagger to Duncans room.I see thee still and on thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood, which was not so before.From this we are informed that Macbeth has now imagined Duncans blood on the dagger, but this does not put Macbeth off as we see from when the bell is rung, which was a sign from Lady Macbeth that the coast was clear. Macbeth does not hesitate as he confidently says,I go, and it is through. The bell invites me. Hear it not, Duncan, for it is a knell that summons thee to heaven or to hell.Yet earlier, in Act 1 scene 7 we see that Macbeth had doubts about murdering Duncan as he thinks,If it were done when tis done, then twere well it were done quickly. If thassassination could trammel up the consequence and catch with his surcease, success, that but his blow might be the be-all and the end all hereThis is where we realise he is feeling uneasy about killing his friend and worrying about the possible consequences.The reason Macbeth changed his mind about murdering Duncan is because Macbeth genuinely wanted to be King more than anything, and once the witches prophesised that this would happen, it made Macbeth more convinced that he should carry out the murder.The changes of his mind show us that Macbeth is easy misled. I feel Macbeth would not have been brave or foolish enough to kill Duncan had his wife not persuaded him to do it as we see from her planning and convincing Macbeth that their murder wont fail,We fail? But screw your courage to the sticking place, and well not fail. When Duncan is asleep, whereto the rather shall his days hard tour soundly invite him.Although we have seen Macbeths guilt about wanting to kill his friend and someone who he really respects, he is driven to follow through his ambition of becoming king because of his wife, Lady Macbeth.Once Macbeth has killed Duncan he feels guilty which causes him to become hysterical. Although his wife tries to calm him down it is evident that she fails because she instructs him to,Go let some water and wash this filthy witness from your hands.After washing his hands Macbeth still thinks the blood is still on him, due to the burden he is carrying from the dirty deed he carried out.He is so ridden with guilt he cannot even bring himself to say Amen because it is such a religious word, and he knows that now he has committed such a crime, he cannot be a holy person.Macbeth is so tortured in his mind that he imagines he hears a voice cry sleep no more. He feels he will be punished for killing a defenceless man and in return he will be deprived of sleep.He refuses to go back into Duncans chamber because the sin he has performed is so great he cannot face up to it again, we learn this from,Ill go no more. I am afraid to think what I have done, look ont again, I dare not.The following quotes also confirm his guilt,To know my deed, twer e best not know myself. Which seems to suggest that he would like to disown himself, and Wake Duncan with thy bash I would thou couldst implies that Macbeth wishes that Duncan would wake up at the sound of the noises Macbeth hears.Lady Macbeth is not able to fight off Macbeths mood swings and conscience. She is trying to be positive and tries to have an optimistic answer for all his negative comments. We see this many times, one example is after Macbeth has killed Duncan he says,This is a sorry persuasion, but his wife replies A foolish thought, to say a sorry sight.Act 2 ends with Macbeth continuing to feel guilty and on edge with every noise he hears.

Fantastic Literature Essay

Fantasy is a product of our subconscious top dogs. respectable like the stories of the past, violent writings tries to attract its mess seasons with an indirectly way for making an impact to our subconscious minds. In former(a) words, groundless literature is a musical musical genre of fiction that uses imagination, magic, supernatural elements such as ghosts, harpies, trolls, mermaids, nymphs, vampires, centaurs, personifications, onlyegories and phantasmagoric elements as its primary plot element, reputation or prospect. Many antic works includes an imaginary orb where magic and fantastic creatures be common. The best know and successful English work for the genre is J.R.R. Tolkiens The Lord of the Rings triology. But in that respect argon lots of successful works and famous writers of the genre such as Dante Alighieris The Divine Comedy, Stephen Kings The Dark Tower, George R.R. Martins A strain of Ice and Fire, J.K. Rowlings Harry Potter and H.P. Lovecrafts so licitation of stories roughly Cthulhu Mythos. The fantastic literature parts with the furnish time stories in childishness such as sissy tales or folks tales to give instruction manual. We tummy say, it has a special appealing to children because of its didactic nature for giving moral lessons. Moreover, the children are too early on days to know the difference between real and the fantasy.Much of these folk tales comes from the time of Middle Ages where the place humbugtelling has an impressiveness. This importance changed by the time due to technological progressions because rational progress decreased the amount of these stories. It happens to perpetu eachyy unrivalled when you grow up, the advancement of rational progress give the axe decrease your superstitious beliefs and imagination. But exploitation the middle age as setting, establishes a better base for fantastic stories because of the lack of technology, dogmatic thoughts and the importance of degreetel ling. at that placefore even in our time, the fantastic works uses the middle age as its setting and much of the works in fantastic literature takes place in Middle age. When we come to its origin, in western culture, the origin of the fantastic literature depends on the mythic stories. But if we specifically give a document name for the genre, then we stand say its origin comes from the stories of Homer The Iliad and The Odyssey. In eastern culture, this origin comes from Arabian Nights. The iliad and odyssey gives us the definition of the genre in the source place because of its contents.In movement of Odyssesy, it includes gods, monsters such as centaurs, Cyclops or jinxes and wizards. And there is also a quest in the horizontal surface as its plot. Odysseus tries to return to his home at Ithaca provided he is non allowed by Posei put on because of his insults such as pour downing his cyclop son and claiming that he won the troy with only his have mind tricks. It is qui et similar to the stories of the Arthurian Romance such as Sir Gawain and the thou Knight because of their usage of quest as framework. Same thing is in use in the case of LOTR. As a characteristic of the genre, there is always a quest in a fantastic work. Many of them include a universe as their setting look alike Middle ages because it is easily to create stories when you created the universe. There are also some common constitutions of the genre such as salutary vs. Evil, Deceived boosteres, making a sacrifice for saving the background, journey to unknown etc.. tout ensemble of these elements are in Fantastic literature to give lessons. The sign of a Fantastic work is the inclusion of fantastic elements, a self-coherent setting as a universe to take place in and the inspirations from the mythology or folk stories.It gives a freedom of expression to author for excuseing a rational sense within a supernatural framework. Therefore it whitethorn confuse the reader however th ere is always a message in these fantastic stories. It starts with the fairy tales in childhood. Fairy tale Fairy tales a stories that contains a message and has an appealing to children for giving instructions with an indirectly style and by showing example through with(predicate) the story. Fairy tales aims to give moral lessons to its audience. Therefore, it is the beginning(a) tutor of the man affable. They may include elves, dwarves, fairies, giants, ogres, trolls, goblins, mermaids, witches and wizards. There is always an adventure or a quest in these stories. But they are different than the legends in essence because there may be a lawfulness behind the legends. Ancient Greeks are often accepted the legends as real events and told their stories for centuries hardly they didnt the homogeneous thing for the folk tales. There is always a certain pattern in these fairy tales, all of them starts with same word Once upon a time for implying that the story takes place in an unk nown time.There is also a happy conclusion at the end of these stories such as they lived happily ever afterwards. They can be found in oral or literary form barely it is hard to trace their origins. Many of them may appear in different cultures with variations. Much of them appeals to adults but they are often associatedwith children. There are some collectors of these folktales such as Grimm Brothers and Charles Perrault. Folklorists have classified the fairy tales with sundry(a) ways. Among them Vlademir Propp is one of the just virtually notable with his Morphology of the Tale. Vladamir Propp was a Russian folklorist scholar who readd the framework of Russian folk tale and published his analysis with name of Morphology of the Folktale in 1928. In his work, he divided fairy tale into sections and through these sections he tried to define the series of sequences within a fairy tale. To him, a fairy tale usually starts with an initial bunk. And remedy after that there are 3 1 different sequences with different functions. He used this method to analyze the frame work of the Russian folk tales.Propps morphology is an exemplar for the analysis. In this type, the structural organization of a folkloristic text follows a chronological order as linear. Therefore, we can see if the tale has all of these elements from A to Z. Also we can give a name to those sequences. A tale usually starts with an initial situation such as with the enumeration of the family or the brief introduction of the gunslinger. And after this point there are 31 sequences. Absentation In this part, a member of the family leaves the home such as a prince may leave home to go for a journey by leaving his wife back. This absentation can also be someones death or going for a walk, fishing..Interdiction In this point, the instruction comes to the hero such as put ont change your way, dont talk with stranger, take care of your little brother to preparing a base for the further calamity. Viol ation A counter action happens once morest to interdiction such as hero often violates this limitation and leaves the right way, talks with strangers. At this point a new person enters the story. And it could be a dragon, eat, witch or a stepmother as a villain.Reconnaissance villain makes an fire to scram something. Villain is in search of something valuable or information such as the location of the children, barbarians aim to get under ones skin the goal of detailed Red Cap by questioning her. lurch Villain receives a directly information to his questions. The creature learns the house of the grandmother. Trick The villain makes a persuasion. It is an attempt to trick his victim in order to take possession for his victim. Dragon turns into a golden goat, the witch turns into an old beggar and tries to give poisonous apple, wolf tries to act like grandmother by erosion her clothes. Complicity The victim accepts the deception and helpshis enemy without knowing. Princess accepts the apple, The wolf acts like grandmother and little carmine cap could not recognize it. Villainy or lack of something The villain causes harm or injury such as princess falls into a sleep after taking a bite from the apple, the wolf devours the little red cap as a result of violation of the interdiction.One member of the family is in lack of something or desires to have something. The Prince intends to search for his bride, A magical agent is needed to wake someone up, huntsman tries to find a prey Mediation the hero enters into tale with a quest or he is dispatched. The prince appears and decides to go for a journey to the tower of sleeping beauty, the huntsman appear hearing the snores of the wolf by persuasion that there must be something untimely. Beginning counteraction The hero sees the situation and decides to do something, the huntsman sees the abdomen of the wolf and thinks that he devoured them, the prince hears the story of sleeping beauty. Departure the hero leaves home to make a counterattack. original function of the donor A donor appears and meets with the hero or greets him for testing him to give some kind of a magical agent. The heros reaction hero gives an answer to donor such as making a help to him, showing mercy, completes a service, learns some tactics, The hero receives the magical agent he receives some kind of a power to defeat to evil. The transference between two kingdoms The hero is transferred from one place to another to where more or lesss an object or search. The hero flies through air on a bird, or travels on a boat. Struggle The hero and the villain fights to get something for themselves. Branded the hero receives a wound during the fight.Victory the villain is beaten during the open battle or loses the game of cards. Liquidation The initial misfortune resolved, spell casts off, captives freed Return the hero returns to his homePursuit The some kind of evil pursues the hero and tries to kill him Rescue the hero is rescued from the pursuit, an obstacle may delay the pursuer, the hero hides or saves his animation from the pursuer. Unrecognized arrival hero returns his home but no one recognizes him just like in the case ofOdysseus. False claims A false hero appears and presents unfounded claims. DIFFICULT TASK Difficult occupation proposed to the hero (trial by ordeal, riddles, test of strength/endurance, other tasks) SOLUTION Task is resolvedRECOGNITION booster is recognized (by mark, brand, or thing given to him/her) EXPOSURE False hero or villain is undecidedTRANSFIGURATION Hero is given a new appearance (is made whole, handsome, new garments etc.) PUNISHMENT Villain is punishedWEDDING Hero marries and ascends the throne (is rewarded/promoted). Grimm Brothers were two unusual German scholars, linguists, academicians and great philologists that lived in the nineteenth century. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm were two brothers and these brothers were nationalists and intended to collect the old G ermanic stories and publish them to show the universality of German language. They were really interested with the Germanic folklore tales and dedicated rest of their lives to collect these tales.Therefore they collected stories and folk tales from the country and equal a pure form of national literature and culture. They established a kind of methodology for transcription and collecting these folk tales and later on it became a basis for the folklore studies. They published their world-class collection of Germanic stories, and folk tales in 1812 with the name of Childrens and Housholde Tales. Their stories, includes the all details of German language and Germanic ethnic identicalness. Their works translated into more than 100 languages. The roughly important and famous stories of them are Rapunzel, The hoodwink White, Hansel and Gretel, Cinderella, The catch Prince and Little Red Cap. Little Red CapLittle red cap is a Germanic folk tale that published by Grimm brothers in t heir story collection known as Childrens and plate Tales in 1812. It is the 26t1h story of this story collection. It tells the story of a sweet but not obedience fille known as little red cap because of her famous Red Hood. But behind the background of the story, it is a story about grow up by leaving the nave thoughts behind. It is a story that questions the curiosity of the children and urges them to leave these thoughts and get mature by following rules. By using the big baneful wolf as a villain, it givesus a message that dont be so nave, these fine gentlemen are nothing but greedy wolfs and they are so hungry for using your naivety for their own knowledgeable purposes. So, follow your rules and dont ever change your way.It can be interpreted as a moral tale, to give a message such as dont talk with sexual predators. After the brief presentation of the characters, the story starts with an absentation in which the grandmother is sick. So her mother gives her a bucket and say s bring this to grandma and dont leave the path or you might break the glass. This is our interdiction and our quest. But she doesnt listen to her mother, a counter action (violation) happens against to interdiction and wolf makes an penetration to story. The wolf questions the little red cap, this is our reconnaissance. And she answers all its questions with a naivety and describes the way that goes to her grandma. (delivery). The wolf goes there devours grandma and takes place of her (trick). She comes to house and accepts its trick without knowing what it is (complicity).And wolf devours her as result of her wrong actions (Villainy harm). Some fluctuations of the story like Charles Perrault version ends in here but Grimm version continues. The huntsman makes an entrance to story (mediation). And he decides to free grandma and little red cap(beginning of counter reaction). He cuts the bell of wolf with a scissor and saves them both. This is the rebirth of Little red cap as a mat ure (Struggle, branding, victory, excretion ). In any case, it is a story of puberty rite in which the red cap innate(p) again as an adult woman and learns how to act against to odds. After that point she doesnt cares about the other childish things. The advancement of her rational progress is ending her childhood.The Frog King- Iron HeinrichThe toad king is the first story of Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm which they published it in their folk tale collection known as Children and Household Tales. The capture king is all about the glimmers of emotional invigoration where they are developing in the first place, the childhood. It is story about sexual awakening in human being beings, its acceptance and maturation process in human beings. There are some symbolisationic representations in the story such as the frog, the princess and the Golden ball. The frog is the symbol of production and fertility and it is connected with witchcraft. Princess is the symbol of purified smell of human soul and the golden ball is the symbol of perfection. The princesin this story, is so beautiful, even more beautiful than sun that is explains her relationship and her desires towards to golden ball. When she lost the ball, she grieves at not only her ball but also grieves over her loss of innocence. She thinks that she will not be the whole again.But the only thing that can make her whole again is an ugly frog. She likes herself and this situation represents her narcissistic psyche. In the story, the princess increasingly scrams more anxious, angry and full of fear with the idea of marrying with a frog. She is not yet ready for the marriage. As the frog comes closer to her, she becomes more disgusted. This is also gives us her idea about awakening of sex throughout the puberty. But actually she becomes more a person while the frog comes closer to her. The novice in this story is responsible for the marriage of the princess and he commands her to keep her word. Her actions are all under her id and there is a need for the development of super ego in her personality.Therefore, the responsible conscience of King helps to development of superego in childs mind for bringing happiness, love and marriage to her life. And to become whole again, she finally decides to throw it against to wall by taking all the risks to gain her independence. This moment of force out is a painful experience but it is necessary. By doing so, she transcends her anxiety and hatred into a love. She becomes more a person by developing identity and her ugly frog turns into a handsome prince in her look.Snow WhiteThe story of Snow white is a Germanic Folktale that published in 1812 by Grimm brothers in their Collection of stories known as Childrens and Household Tales as the 53rd story. It is a story about the cycle of life as can be seen from the color symbolism of the story. But it also increases the theme of maturation process of a girl through some tests. It is a very common theme whi ch can be found in the stories of Grimm brothers maybe because of the fact that their informants were woman or to put an vehemence on marriage for representing its importance in a feudal and patriarchal German society. Who knows? Anyway most of their stories are including these themes of Marriage, maturation, loss of innocence, growing up and including these damsels in distress as main characters. And in most of their stories the true love comes after the defeat of self-love as reward of maturation. Story starts with a moguls wish to have a baby like white as reverse, red as derivation and black as wood.It is a kind of symbolism of life that represents the natural cycle of life in which after every death a life starts to its lifetime. As a result snow white represents this natural cycle, she is the personification of this cycle. As soon as she born, her mother dies in order to give a birth to her. And that is also another emphasis that given to represent this cycle. After this po int her insouciant king father marries with another woman who is wicked. The unconcerned personality of King, although there is no king in the story, represents the feudal European survey of seeing women as object. The personality of stepmother is another issue she is the personification of immatureness. It is clear that she has failed in her personality development to have an identity. Therefore, she has only the self-interest just like the princess in The Frog King or Iron Heinrich. Therefore she plays her role to prevent Snow White for scope her age because of her envy, pride and hatred.She orders to huntsman to kill her but he spares instead of killing her. He spares her because of potential locating as a woman and bringer of new life. Therefore, the existence of huntsman also is a foreshadowing for the mating of the opposite forces such as man and woman. In the story she deceives Snow White for three times and each times represents another aspect of life just like the color symbolism. In the first with a lace to prevent breath (White) which represents the spiritual matureness, second with a comb (Black) to represent the bodily matureness and in the last with a red apple (red) to represent death or blood for establishing a basis for the death of childhood and the rebirth of as mature woman. Sleeping in a glass set also supports this idea of rebirth as a mature woman.Glass coffin represents the being in a womans womb. In essence, the witchcraft of queen was nothing but a test. After completing all these tests she becomes a mature woman and young prince appears as a reward. She marries with him. Therefore, completing these tests is essential in human life and story tries to put an emphasis especially to this aspect of life. The real love comes with maturation and with the sacrifice of childhood, it is necessary to get a real identity. And the time of merger puts an end to the efforts of retarding powers with the hot iron shoes. The queen dies as danci ng for celebrating the rhythmic cycle of life and death. All in all, Snow white is a story that explains the nature of creation, how something new comes into being through therepeat of same cycle of transformation which is necessary in a traditional society.CinderellaThe story of Cinderella is a European folk tale which published in 1812 by Grimm Brothers as the 21st story in their collection of Folk tales known as Childrens and Household Tales. It was also published by Charles Perrault in 1697. The Grimm version of the story is a dark version because it doesnt include a fairy mother, pumpkin that turns into a carriage, animals that turns into henchmen. In Grimm version there is a Grant tree and talking pigeons. There is forgiveness in Perraults story for stepsisters but Grimm version there is a punishment for sisters in which stepsisters are blind by pigeons. It is a story about an orphaned girl and it focusses on her wage hike into higher term and redeeming with happiness throug h hard work, suffer and marriage. Then again, the story gives us the patriarchal perspective of marriage and its importance by showing a poor girls struggling for rising into power and changing her status within this hierarchical society. The story can be interpreted from so many perspectives such as sociological, Freudian, feminism. But its theme is simple, young women can be saved by wealthy men.The golden slipper in the story stands there as a symbol of perfectness or perfect life. The story narrates the recovery process of a poor girls after an early wound such as loss of her mother. It is a process of persons redeem and reaching happiness through hard working. Therefor the story represents a persons search for identity and self-esteem. The tale opens with an initial situation and the narration of characters as usual but then suddenly a member of the family leaves the family as it happened in the case of mother. Interdiction also comes in this moment, the mother tells her daught er right before her death, remain pious and good only then our dear god will comfort you. After a time later, her ignorant father marries again and evil stepmother and stepsisters appears as villain to start their devilish deeds. She loses her social status and starts to live her life as a maid in the kitchen. end-to-end the story she keeps her dignity against to all evil deeds of the sisters and as a result her donor appears in the form of pigeons and grant tree. The donor offers her dreams to her and also through these it tries to test her. Eventually she passes all her tests by remain pious and takes care of the wickedstep family. As a result, her foot fits to lubricious shoe as an embodiment of perfectness.The story ends with a happy ending. There are different explanations of the story. We can think the slippery as the woman and we can think the foot as the man and their union as the perfect union of man and woman. From this point of view, story is about a womans search for sexual fulfillment. We can also look at it with a sociological perspective. Then we can say, it is about a womans struggle for rising into power within a patriarchal society through marriage. Prince choses Cinderella because her foots are tiny while sisters not. Her foots are tiny because she is coming from an upper class unlike them, but she loses her social status. In the end of the story, she manages to replace her social status through marriage and redeems with life. It is also a good role model for feminism for showing how young girls and women should not be.Cinderella is a kind, pious and passive girl. She cant make stand for herself. She is waiting a prince for herself to rescue her from the misery and all of her actions are against to feminist ideas. Modern woman is expected to be more assertive in order to get going in the world but she cant. Instead of that she is acting more pious by idea that her dignity will save her. And this situation is giving us a sociological i nsight about the feudal European society.Enter SandmanErnst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann was a German Romantic writer, critic, musician and composer who opened his eyes to earth in 1776. He was famous with his works of horror and fantasy fiction. He is the author of The Nutcracker and the abstract King, on which famous The Nutcracker ballet based. In 1816, he composed one of his fantastic, horror stories which known as The Sandman and published it in 1817 within short story collection, known as The Night Pieces. The sandman is story about a childhood trauma that in the form of letters. It starts a bizarre and horrifying childhood story about a creature known as Sandman. The first letter is from Nathanael to Lothar. According to Nathanael, The sandman is a creature of night who is visiting unsleeping children and bleeding them with his sands to steal their eyes for feeding his own children on the moon. Scary isnt it? This story becomes an obsession for him. And one night he plans to spy it and hides himself to his fathers room. In there he sees Coppelius, a lawyer and one of his fathers associates and he catches him and desires to burn his eyes. But his fatherstands against for him. Nathanael becomes ill and his father dies after a while in an try while working with Coppelius. The Coppelius disappears. Nathanael becomes a student and meets with an optician known as Coppola and buys a Spy-glass from him.Through this spy-glass he sees Olympia, an automaton created by Spalanzani and Coppola. And he loves this automaton unreasonably. But two men falls into an argument and Coppolla takes the eyes of automaton and throws them to Nathanael. This event reminds Nathanael the argument between his father and Coppelius. And Nathanael falls into a state of sanity. After acquire his mind, he goes directly to Clara to marry with her. While spending time with her, he suddenly sees Coppelius and goes insane. He tries to kill clara, but her brother saves him. Unfortunately he jum ps off from the tower and dies. The transcendental is a concept in human psychology that means something extraordinary familiar and not familiar at the same time. Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist who wrote about this concept in his The Uncanny and published it in 1919. He tried to analyze this concept by using Hoffmanns The Sandman because of its extraordinary content. According the Freud, the uncanny is the mark of the returning quash memory. For Freud, the reason of the uncanny in this story is the fear of losing eyes.He associates the idea of losing eyes with the fear of emasculation and he suggests the story of Oedipus as his example. He argued that the most appropriate punishment of Oedipus crimes was the castration yet this showed on the stage in the form of losing eyes. Coppelius is Nathanaels hatred against of his father for his castration and he interferes his all relationships which he both loves and hates. After this bad experience, he represses all his bad mem ories and forgets what happened in the past. With the reanimation of first shocking sight (losing of ones eyes) in the second scene, he once again remembers everything but also loses his mind. This is the uncanny of the story which reminds his past. Coppola and Spalanzini are nothing but the representation of his fathers sides and Olympia which they made unneurotic is the personification of Nathaniels feminine attitude towards his father in his infancy.It is his doppelganger. That is why Nathaniel confronts Olympia as a person and loves it with a narcissistic kind of senseless love. It is a natural situation which he created after his castration because of being unable to love. As a result, he realizes this truth with the reappearance of Coppeliusonce again while looking through the spy-glass. Looking through the glass is a kind of rationalization process. Nathaniel tries to explain all these events with the imagination until his usage of glass. And in each time when he use it, he loses his mind because of confronting with the sober truth.

Is 533 Homework 4

IS 533 HOMEWORK 4 BY AHMET CAN AYKUT (1835917) 1. What is meant by a symptom versus a line? Relate these ideas to the lesson. (5 points) In the Intelligence level of the Decision Making Process, the termination maker, Elena, attempts to determine whether a difficulty exists, account its symptoms, determine its magnitude and explicitly define it. What is described as a problem whitethorn only be a symptom, or measure, of a problem. In the case, MMS gross revenue argon off by 10 percent, which is the main problem.In the password word form, the chief ope military rank officer c eithers the Board of Directors to search through the procedures in order to state and classify the problem. She consults Directors to reach the main condition for the problem or to find the real problem which the off-sales are symptoms of it. 2. Why is problem ownership so important? (5 points) A problem exists in an organization only if someone or some root word takes on the responsibility of attacking it and if the organization has the ability to solve it.The assignment of authority to solve the problem is called problem ownership. When problem ownership is not established, except for professional employees, there will be an irre firmness of purpose of who is responsible to solve the problem and role diffusions/shifting, tendency to avoid form responsibility may drop dead easily. Problem ownership ensures accountability. 3. Even though the problem was not set at the end of the intelligence manakin, what was? (5 points) Effects were identify and problem ownership was established. Effects of the problem . Rentals did not increase while the complete market did. (CMO) 2. Sales are dropping fas trial run on primary markets. (CFO) 3. Advertising expenditures are up. GMC Spiders should be a hot seller but they are off by 50 percent. All the cur direct cars came on in on schedule and inventory is OK from CLAUDIA. (CEO) 4. Half of the GMC Spiders are rented although some topical a nesthetic agencies set the prices 15 percent less. Rentals are down 8 percent nationally on the early(a) classes of cars. (COO) Problem Ownerships COO assumes the ownership of the problem.CIO will look at the underlying structures and parameters of the forecasting models (for weird stinting trends or events) CMO will look into the advertising for external events, trends or covers on the cars that could affect the rentals 4. How was the practice anatomy performed in this case? (10 points) Search and S batchning Procedures 1. The problem statement has not been clearly stated. So the future(a) step is the investigation of symptoms. 2. A coaction group is formed with analysts from different departments Operations and Marketing.Data Collection 3. Databases of running(a) and Economic Data were checked by data mining tools social intercourseships and assumptions in the forecasting models and RMS were verified kitschy neural networks, clustering analysis algorithms and statistical regression models were besides benefited. It was noticed that the neural networks outperformed the regression-based systems a bit. 4. An entropy system and marketing group was set up to look into how they could improve the regression-based models with neural networks. 5.An e-meeting was held to decide on what they were going to do next and sharing information. Problem Identification 6. After the meeting OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) software package was use to slice multidimensional data. The group noticed a slight inverse relationship with sales and advertising and the followings a. There is a problem in the distribution. Over half of the cars are in the faulty places. b. GMC Spider was entered to the system as a four-seat compact with two doors. System automatically decides this car rarefied for a small family or a single business person.This decision rent well rent in Midwest in the secondary markets but badly in the convention areas where there are men and women who like to rent sporty cars. Problem Statement /Search for Alternatives/Create forges 7. After and analysis and investigation the real problems and alternatives were stated a. Data Accuracy Problem? Profile of the spider should be changed to a sports car from a compact car. b. fund Imbalance Problem-? 15 percent of the fleet should be locomote to secondary markets. All the Spiders should be moved from secondary to primary markets.Some of minivans and full-size cars should be moved to secondary markets. Secondary market demand should be pushed by adjusting advertisement. c. Advertising Imbalance-? Customer locations should be identified well to determine what to advertise where. d. Try before you buy campaign should be campaign should be established in the secondary markets. e. In secondary markets people want full size cars. guild advertising features Spider but not the other types of cars. (Advertise backfire problem)-? Substitutes for the Spider should be discounted. f.Flojustif ya theme commonalty demand Florida theme parks are advertising in Europe be work the euro is economically stronger than the dollar. -? Advertising in Europe, either with the theme parks or separately, should be increased. 5. The choice phase seemed like a combination of design, choice, and implementation. Is this a problem? (10 points) Both it is a problem and not. It is not a problem be hold in intelligence, design and choice locomote there are feedback points which are Validation of the model, revision of criteria for choice, evaluation of risk and rating the alternatives verification, examen of proposed solution.It is a problem because the intricate structure of phases may lengthen the choice phase and cause missing the business opportunities. Organizational responses to solution implementations may be slower so that verification and testing of the solution, the sensitivity analysis and plan for implementation may take some time so that phases may become intricate. Also bomb er optimization and satisficing are potential threats for decision fashioning. 6. The implementation phase seemed to shoot elements of all the phases. Is this a problem? (10 points)It is not a problem because in case of failure all the remaining 3 phases should be revised until the solution is succeeded. Indeed it is hard to implement a solution successfully at the first trial. Making a decision, carrying out a project requires a plan-do-check bicycle to get the best. It is a problem because the intricate structure of phases may lengthen the implementation phase and cause missing the business opportunities and not adapting the business environment. 7. How were new problems or opportunities handled as they arose? 10 points) New problems (Data inaccuracy, Inventory Imbalance, Advertising Imbalance) and new opportunities (Discounting substitutes Florida Theme Park Demand and Try Before You Buy Campaign) were handled by identification, problem ownership and implementation. 8. Why do you suppose some alternatives were either modified or postponed? (10 points) First of all, alternatives should be prioritized to decide what to first and which one is more/less important than the others there is a sequential relation between the alternatives whether the 3rd alternative assnot be achieved before completing the 2nd.In the Decision Making Process in each phase there may be updates and changes that may affect the alternatives until the solution is succeeded. All alternatives cannot be applied simultaneously. 9. How can computerized DSS support the management at each stage of the Simons Decision Making Model? In which phase is the major contribution of made? Why? (15 points) Decision Support Systems may moderate one or more of the systems mentioned below, which are beneficial in decision making phases. Lets consider each phase separately Intelligence levelWeb tools and sources are useful for environmental scanning. Web browsers provide OLAP, data mining and data wareh ouses. Data warehouses continuously monitors internal and external information, flavor early signs of problems and opportunities through an enterprise information portal (i. e. dashboard). Also web mining, Expert Systems, counseling breeding Systems, Artificial Neural Networks, Genetic Algorithms and other Automatic Decision Making systems also support this phase by identifying relationships among activities and other factors.Geographical Information Systems can be utilized so that the decision maker can determine opportunities and problems in a spatial sense. CRM systems can identify classes of customers to approach with ad hoc products and services. Knowledge Management Systems can be used to identify similar past situations and how they were handled. Group Support Systems can be used to share information and brain storming. Business Activity Monitoring, Business Process Management and output Life Cycle Management can also provide decision makers the capability of monitoring the latest status of operations.Expert Systems can render advice regarding the nature of the problem, its classification, seriousness and the like. They can advise on the suitability of a solution approach and the likelihood of successfully solving the problem. OLAP tools are excellent tools for routine and ad-hoc reporting. Design Phase This phase involves generating alternative courses of action, setting criteria for choices and their relative importance and forecasting the future consequences of using various alternatives. OLAP and data mining software are useful in identifying relationships that can be used in models.CRM, gross Management, Enterprise Resource Planning and Supply Chain Management Systems can provide models that can test assumptions and scenarios. GSS and cognitive mapping tools can help identifying important issues and options. Risk analysis can also be carried out in this phase. Choice Phase DSS can support this phase through what if and goal desire analyses. Different scenarios can be tested for the selected option to reinforce the final decision. KMS can help identify similar past experiences.CRM, ERP and SCM systems are used to test the impacts of decisions in establishing their value. ES can be used to assess the desirability of certain solutions and recommend an appropriate solution. GSS can support to lead to consensus in a group decision. Implementation Phase DSS can be used in implementation activities like decision communication, explanation and justification. BAM, BPM, PLM, KMS, CRM, SCM, ERP and EIS are useful in tracking how well an implementation is working. GSS is useful for team collaboration for implementation effectiveness.ES can be used as an advisory system regarding implementation problems. Also they can provide training that may smooth the course of implementation. A CRM Systems can identify classes of customers to get rid of unprofitable customers so that implementation can be focused on profitable customers. Also t hey report and update internal records, based on the impacts of the implementation so that new problems and opportunities can be identified and one or more of the Decision Making Phases can be revisited. In Intelligence phase the major contribution is made. 10.What is the contribution of using Simons model for rational decision making for the analysis of this case? (20 points) Decision Making is a process that the Decision Maker should know what, why, when, where, how and with whom to start and how to proceed. Defining, categorizing and modeling the steps of decision making and systematically working on them is crucial. Since humans have a limited potentiality for rational thinking, we tend to construct and analyze a simplified model of a decision making process. Simons model serves as a principal blue print, a basic guide.According to the problem complexness the decision maker can elaborate on the model and improve the phases according to the problem complexness and solution requi rements. For drill in the design phase normative, descriptive and nonmathematical descriptive models, scenarios can be benefitted specifically. Simons model reminds us that such models may/should be used primarily in the design phase. For example HP developers consider three phases in developing a model (See 2. 1 Opening cartoon Decision Modeling at HP using Spreadsheets) Problem Framing, Actual Design and Development of the Tools and Handoff.Each of these phases has sub phases like Problem Framing has Will analytics solve the problem? , Can an existing solution be leveraged? and Is a tool needed? Design and Development of the Tools has Develop a prototype as rapidly as possible, Build Inside, not black boxes , etc. HP is a major manufacturing business of computers, printers and industrial products. They formed this model to solve their repeating business problems. Simons model can also be adapted to HPs decision modeling processes but their model is much specific and ready-to- use because of their need for agility.